Happy Maps and Hedonic Cartography

Driving north on Massachusetts Route 3 today, I noticed traffic was starting to back up. How serious is this slowdown? Waze informed me that traffic was getting worse and offered to re-route me. A quick peek at the map showed clotted red roads ahead. I took the suggested route change. Thanks Waze!

Have you ever wondered where all that traffic data comes from? In the old days, some poor slob would be leaning out of a helicopter with binoculars, checking on the Tobin Bridge or whatever. But those days are over. Now, dear reader, the traffic data comes from you. Or from your phone, to be specific. That phone is telling the world where you are and how fast you’re moving, and this information can be aggregated into a beautiful map.

Your phone knows an awful lot about you. In addition to where you are, it knows who you’re talking to, what you’re listening to, what you’re searching for. Throw in a wearable, like an Apple Watch, and it knows even more: temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate. Let’s imagine it also knew how happy you were at any given time. It seems to me not unreasonable that this will soon be a thing: continuous automatic mood detection. It would be really interesting to look at maps of aggregated happiness values. Then we could have happy maps the same way we have traffic maps now. Imagine looking at the Happiness Layer on Google Maps. Want to feel better? Just steer into the area crowded with yellow bubbles.

Some of the results might be obvious. It’s pretty clear that parks make people happier than parking lots. But it would be fascinating to see when the hours of peak happiness are for a park. Why are some parks happier than others? When do crowds make people more happy and when do they make them less happy? How strong is the correlation between wealthy areas and happy areas? I like the idea of getting a notification that my neighborhood is “more happy than usual” tonight.

If we measure changes in happiness, we can see what areas are associated with large improvements in happiness (as opposed to just being places where happy people go). I’ll make an app called Happy Feet. Where should you walk if you want to improve your mood? If you follow the happiness gradient uphill or downhill, where will you end up?

Image by Midjourney

So far I’m describing this in terms of location-based happiness. But we can look for all kinds of correlations. What music makes people happiest? What food? What gifts? Data science and artificial intelligence are going to give us ways to sift through huge amounts of data looking for interesting connections. This whole notion may seem creepy and invasive, but consider how valuable it will be to advertisers, and thus how inevitable it is. You use Google every day, but its premise is kind of dystopian: several times an hour, tell a giant corporation exactly what you desire at this moment. If it wasn’t so damn useful, you’d never do it.

So that’s my prediction for a thing that’s on the way: happy maps. I can’t tell you how to be happy, but I can tell you where to go stand to be next to happy people. Of course, that might just make you miserable. Your smileage may vary.

Birthdays and happiness

My birthday was last weekend. I turned 42. In addition to being the answer to life, the universe, and everything, 42 also happens to mark a lifetime low point in happiness as reported by various happy researchers … I’m sorry, various happiness researchers. It’s possible to take this news badly, but I look at it like this: I’ve got years of rising happiness levels to look forward to. According to the theory, 42 is about the time you realize that you aren’t actually going to win the Nobel Prize, and so you might as well start enjoying what you’ve got. Please. The rest of us have known for years that you weren’t going to win that prize.

I find happiness studies fascinating. From an episode of the Quirks & Quarks radio program, I learned that there is almost no relationship between things people predict will make them happy and things that measurably lift their levels of reported happiness. Almost none! How did that evolve? Similarly, people grossly overestimate the impact of bad things (job loss, accidents, health crises) on day-to-day happiness levels. Back on the subject of age, older people generally overstate how happy they were in their youth and younger people overstate how miserable they will be as they age. Which all stands to reason, since if Hollywood has succeeded in teaching us anything, it’s that youth = happiness and that old people don’t deserve to appear in movies.

The perfect age

I’m curious to hear your answer to this: if youth equals happiness, then, pop-culturally speaking, what is our “perfect” age? Not the age that you happen to like, but rather that optimal cusp that glossy magazines push at us every day. It is the age that children yearn for and seniors fondly recall. Presumably it is post-drinking age, post-sexual maturity, pre-wrinkle, and pre-hair loss. It is a mysterious still point on a sociological map. I think it’s 24, but it may be 25. What do you think?

Are you happy? Are you 42?

The Guardian has a good article on the up-and-coming science of Happy Studies… or rather the study of happiness. It’s easy to make fun of, but it sure seems like important work. The sub-head for the article sums up the modern happiness paradox well:

Most of us are healthier and wealthier than ever before, yet an increasing number claim to be unhappy. Is it the stress of modern life? Or are we simply losing our capacity for joy?

One way, it develops, to optimize your happiness is to avoid dangerous questions like “How close are you to your optimal happiness levels?” In other words, just enjoy your drab, wretched life. It’s really for the best that you not see the blazing sunshine of bliss that daily drenches your well-adjusted friends and neighbors. Or as the article quotes John Stuart Mill, “Ask yourself whether you are happy, and you cease to be so.” Most intriguingly of all, one researcher finds a happiness trough at age 42 (I prefer to think of it as a misery peak, but hey, I’ve always been an optimist).

“People start out in life pretty certain that they’re going to end up like David Beckham or win the Nobel Prize,” says Oswald. “Then, after a few years, they discover it’s quite tough out there – not just in their careers, but in life. Unsurprisingly, their happiness drops.” The good news is that the downer doesn’t last. According to Oswald, if you trace the trajectory of most peoples’ happiness over time it resembles a J-curve. People typically record high satisfaction levels in their early twenties. These then fall steadily towards middle age, before troughing at around 42. Most of us then grow steadily happier as we get older, with those in their sixties expressing the highest satisfaction levels of all – as long, that is, as they stay healthy.

The moral of the story is, when you go through your mid-life crisis, don’t wreck your health. Your happier, older self will thank you.